Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement

Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement Liquid Densitometer Design dependent on Transmission and Scattering Gamma Ray Method utilizing Monte Carlo Approach R.Wirawan, M. Djamal, A.Waris, G. Handayani, H.J. Kim Dynamic. Non-damaging testing is one technique in the material testing that was applied and produced for some reasons in the mechanical field. Gamma spectrometer is a one technique that can be applied for the liquid densitometer. It was examined the capability of the utilization of transmission and dispersing gamma beam estimations so as to assess the liquid thickness utilizing GEANT4 Monte Carlo recreation toolbox. Catchphrases: Non-dangerous testing, dissipating gamma, Monte Carlo, GEANT4. PACS: 29.40.- n Presentation Gamma-beam range estimation is one of promising creating strategy in the non-dangerous test application particularly for an online estimation. It’s material for some modern applications, for example, in clinical, mining and oil industry, country security. The nature of the material can be separating from another dependent on its thickness. In the utilization of gamma spectrometry, it’s impact the gamma beam energies range location result. Ball et al. (1998) have examined the reaction of gamma backscatter to the spatial thickness in mass example [1]. In the liquid item investigation particularly for the oil item thickness estimation, it’s a promising technique for a densitometer. Hussein (2011) has created examination of the liquid stream in the funnel utilizing gamma spectrometry [2]. Khorsandi and Feghhi have examined the transmission mode in densitometer application for the oil based goods checking applications [3]. The mix of transmission and dissipating estimation modes are acceptable drawing closer for a superior examination technique in the finder reaction estimation because of the liquid thickness inside the channel. For this reason, recreation utilizing Monte Carlo technique can be directed. Monte Carlo strategies have abilities in the execution of the few of material science models and give the foreseeing bring about the radiation material science application [4, 5]. In the current examination we explored the capability of the mix of these estimations utilizing the Monte Carlo radiation transport from GEANT4 reproduction toolbox. Hypothesis Gamma beam vitality range trademark that identified from its collaboration with the material have data to recognize the material qualities included. In the gamma beam range estimation, there are two sorts of estimation type for example transmission and dissipating. In the transmission, the gamma beam pillars have a lessened power on account of vitality assimilation by material. The mass constriction coefficient à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ­ of photon is a component of photon vitality. The lessened force was depicted by the Beerâ€Lambert equation: (1) where I0 occurrence gamma beams forces, x is material assimilation thickness, is mass retention coeficient and its corresponding to the all out cross-area as follows , NA is the Avogadro’s number (6.021023 particle/mole) and An is nuclear mass number of material[8]. For the dispersing estimation, the distinguished photon pillar is the consequence of avoiding with an electrons material. Dissipating connections that may happen is the single dispersing or numerous scattering.The photon shaft power has lessening in the way before the dispersing point association and in the way to the locator after the dispersing point cooperation. Figure 1 shows the single dispersing cooperation of photon with a component volume dV. Figure 1 Schematic chart of photon single dispersing connection with a component volume in the material (embraced from Devlin and Taylor) [9]. As indicated by the Compton dispersing association, the photon with a vitality E㠯⠁â § will be avoided with dissipating edges à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± to the beginning bearing after crash with a nuclear electron. The dissipated photon vitality (EScatt) is communicated by the recipe: (2) The force of recognized gamma photon are impact of weakening along essential photon, number of electron in component volume, differential cross-segment, lessening of dispersed photon way and the strong point subtended by indicator at the component volume. For the single dispersing association, the power of recognized photon as delineated in the recipe: (3) where S is the source movement (photon s-1), dV is component volume connection, n is the electron thickness of the material, r1 and r2 are the length way of the essential photon before association and in the wake of dissipating individually. The thickness à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ² of the material is identified with the electron thickness by (4) where NA is the Avogadro number, Z is the nuclear number and M is the nuclear mass. For the Compton cooperation probabilities of the photon shaft when it associate with an electron of the material was portray in differential structure by Klein-Nishina equation, (5) where r0 is clasical electron span (2,82 fm) and P parameter as capacity of occurrence photon vitality and dissipating edges à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± as the equation (6) where steady [1,8]. Utilizing the condition (4) and (5) to substitute parameter n and in the condition (3), we have the connection of power with the material thickness: (7) Arrangement of the condition (7) can be communicated in the basic structure: (8) where An and B are steady. Technique The reproduction arrangement was created dependent on the transmission setup which led tentatively done by Khorsandi [3]. Four finders are put in two kind positions where two identifiers in a similar side with source and two others in the contrary site as appeared in Figure 2. The spatial separation between two finder d10 and d30 from the collimated source hub are about hub 27.5cm. For finder d20 is put 20 cm far away from indicator d10. Polyethylene pipe have an inward span 5cm and thickness it’s about 2mm. Liquids under scrutiny inside the funnel (for example gas, gasoil and water) are thought to be of uniform density㠯⠁â ². A plate gamma beam source model is utilized for Cs-137 source is collimated by the chamber protecting lead with 5cm thickness. The 3in. x 3in. NaI(Tl) indicator model recreation in the reenactment is embraced from references [6, 7]. Reenactment dependent on GEANT4 Penelope Monte Carlo utilizing 5.0 x 107 of the gamma source beamon. Figure 2 Schematic representation of GEANT4 reenactment for the transmission and dispersing estimations arrangement. Result and Discussion To look at the reaction capacity of transmission and dissipating estimation, right off the bat we have to consider the arrangement intended for the indicator development as indicated by the c gamma source vitality range. The Cesium 137 source was put before the Pb collimated NaI(Tl) 3 in. x 3 in. glitter finder. Figure 3 shows the finder reaction work range of GEANT4 recreation result contrasting with the estimation aftereffect of the 15uCi gamma source. There are a decent understanding for photopeak vitality between the recreation result and the investigation result. Figure 3 Response capacity of Cs137 15uCi gamma hotspot for 3 in. x 3 in NaI(Tl) finder. In light of indicator development arrangement, at that point we investigates the locator reaction capacity of transmission and dispersing estimation. Figure 4 shows the reaction work consequence of finder that set in the four distinct situations for three diverse sort of thickness liquid for example gas, gasoil and water. Figure 4 Response capacity of identifier NaI(Tl) 3in. x 3in. from GEANT4 recreation of four distinctive locator positions for fuel, gasoil and water liquids in pipe. In the all vitality range conveyance above, thickness of liquid issue give an impact to the gamma energies range. The gas has a lower thickness number, yet it shows a higher force (number of occasions) of gamma beam vitality recognized contrast with the gasoil and water. The expanded thickness of liquid will expanded the quantity of electrons at the dissipating point collaboration, lessening of essential and dispersed photons. In this way, it’s give an impact to the diminishing force or pinnacle vitality range that distinguished by the indicator. For transmission mode as appeared at d0 finder position, the principle pinnacle of Cesium 137 gamma source is in the 0.662 MeV. The standardize top force shows that the GEANT4 reproductions result have a decent consent to the Khorsandi (2011) analyze result as appeared in Figure 5. This outcome shows that the model can be utilized for foreseeing the liquid densitometer explore. Figure 5 Normalize force bend of transmission mode (d0 identifier position) from recreation and investigation results. Here in the Figure 6(a), we have similar patterns that the diminishing of the photopeak stature because of the liquids thickness increment. Figure 6 Gaussian stature bends of photopeak at four diverse finder positions. In view of the force as thickness work condition (8), the proposed steady An and B for the bend fit in the Figure 6(a) are delineated in Table 1. Table 1. Bend fitting steady In view of the B steady of the four standardize tally rates bends, d20 locator position have a higher diminishing slant than the others. In opposite side, the quantity of section photon to the locator d20 position is excessively little, so for this arrangement its need the higher movement source. Ends In this investigation, a Monte Carlo reenactment of transmission and dissipating estimations of gamma beam for the liquid densitometer was done utilizing GEANT4. Because of an expansion in the liquid thickness in the funnel, the pinnacle statures of recognized gamma beam power have diminished. The recreations for the gamma beam transmission examination were directed by the trial arrangement give the best fit bend result. Affirmations The creator recognizes the money related help of Directorate General of Indonesian Higher Education through the Sandwich-Like (PKPI) Program 2013. Refference [1] A.J. Ball, C.J. Solomon, J.C. Z