Saturday, December 28, 2019

The Affordable Care Act ( Obama Care ) - 908 Words

For this reaction paper, I have chosen the topic of whether or not I believe that the Affordable Care Act (Obama Care) should be repealed, replaced with something else, or stay in its current form. I believe that Obama Care should be fully repealed. However, I don’t believe that just repealing this legislation is enough. I believe that there should be a series of reforms ready for implementation that follow free market principles and that will restore economic freedom. There are far more cons than pros about Obama Care, which is all the more reason that it needs to be repealed. First of all, in order to get the money to help insure all of the people who have Obama Care there must be more taxes. These taxes are mostly on high-earners and†¦show more content†¦Although I have only named a few cons of Obama Care, there are more where those came from. With the upcoming election for president, we have a chance at having Obama Care repealed. The presumptive Republican party nominee, Donald Trump, has a plan in place that will be ready to take action if he is elected president. If he is elected president, Congress will be asked to immediately repeal Obama Care. Together Donald Trump and Congress will then work together to implement a series of reforms that follow free market principles. The reforms will restore economic freedom to everyone in this country. Donald Trump’s plan will broaden health care access, make health care more affordable, and improve the quality of the care available. As part of a comprehensive reform effort, the Trump Administration will work to restore faith in government and economic liberty. The first step in the reformation will be to completely repeal Obama Care. The individual mandate must be eliminated because no one should be required to buy insurance unless they want to. The second step of his plan will be to modify the existing law that prevents health insurance being sold across the states. As long as the insurance complies with the state’s regulations, it should be able to be sold there. Next, individuals should be allowed to deduct health insurance premium payments from their tax returns. If businesses are allowed to do

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Freedom Of Civil Liberties - 1460 Words

The Freedom of Civil Liberties One might ask the importance of civil liberties after so many years. The answer is that we are all touched by these liberties every day. Even though civil liberties were embedded into the Bill of Rights in the late 1800’s, we today, as Americans, still have the right to be protected against any abusive power used by the government (Bianco Canon, 2015, p. 106). Although Americans are protected fully today, it took over a century for all civil liberties to be implemented. With several civil liberties in place, which is most important? Which liberty protects us as Americans, most significantly? I believe all of our civil liberties are equally as beneficial and lead to the safety of every citizen in the United†¦show more content†¦To understand civil liberties, one must first understand why the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution. Civil liberties include balancing interests. There has to be a balance between a citizen’s free dom, the government interests, and public safety (Bianco Canon, 2015, p. 107). Along with balancing interests came drawing lines and defining the limits of acceptable conduct by the government or an individual citizen in the context of a specific civil liberty (Bianco Canon, 2015, p. 108). Although the courts outline the limitations of our civil liberties, often times, other branches of government and the public get involved. There were early concerns of the public as to how our civil liberties would be defined (Bianco Canon, 2015, p.109). As stated in American Politics Today, there were only limited protections outlined in the original Constitution, such as protection against illegal incarceration (Bianco Canon, 2015, p. 109). States were adamant about individuals requiring protection from the federal government. The fight for the Bill of Rights was not necessarily an easy one. Because the Bill of Rights only applied to the national government, another amendment was submitted t hat also required states to also uphold civil liberties (Bianco Canon, 2015, p. 109). This was denied by congress as the Bill of Rights was to make the national government stronger. Unfortunately, the Bill of Rights had a minorShow MoreRelatedCivil Liberties And Multiculturalism : The Freedom Of The Human Mind1430 Words   |  6 PagesSara Racchi Professor Vinecour Civil Liberties Multiculturalism INSERT DATE INSERT TITLE While speaking about the University of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson once said, â€Å"This institution will be based on the illimitable freedom of the human mind. For here we are not afraid to follow truth wherever it may lead, nor to tolerate any error so long as reason is left free to combat it.† ( ) What Jefferson understood, along with the other founding fathers, is college is meant to be a forum for diverseRead MoreFreedom Of Religion And The American Civil Liberties Union2790 Words   |  12 Pages Freedom of religion has been a right guaranteed to individuals in society. However, it is ultimately just an idea put in place that is disregarded as something insignificant. The workplaces of many people choose to deny employees the right to express their religion freely, for fear it may leave a bad image for the company. It is apparent that freedom of religion is not a strong right as many people may have originally thought it was. The limits of this right have been tested fo r decades and continueRead MoreArticle 23 of Hong Kongs Basic Law: A Danger to the Civil Liberties and Fundamental Freedoms1715 Words   |  7 PagesArticle 23 of Hong Kongs Basic Law What characteristics should legislation under Article 23 of Hong Kongs Basic Law have to make it consistent with the guarantees of freedom of expression in Hong Kong? Article 23 poses a great danger to the civil liberties and fundamental freedoms to the people of Hong Kong and those who visit Hong Kong soil. On September 24, 2002, the government of Hong Kong published a discussion document including a suggestion to implement Article 23 of the Basic Law. TheRead MoreArticle Vii Of The U.s. Constitution State That Laws Passed By Congress946 Words   |  4 PagesVI is intended to state that the rights and liberties of citizens are secure. Unless the government can prove that it has a very good reason to control individual’s freedom. By virtue of being human, all individuals are in possessions of certain natural rights, such as the right to a free trial and freedom of speech, freedom of religion. Civil liberties are freedoms that are guaranteed protection of people from an over-powerful government. Civil liberties are rights that cannot be restricted by governmentRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1157 Words   |  5 PagesKapil Thapa Govt. 2305-71013 Professor: Sherry Sharifian 01 Oct. 2017 Civil rights and civil liberties Every citizen of the country is bounded and benefited with the freedom of Civil rights and Civil liberty. Civil right is the right of the citizen to be equally and fairly treated by the government, written in the 14th Amendment. Civil right moment was mainly focused only on the slaved, African American people. Then civil liberties firstly, not only protected the rights of African American people, itRead MoreCivil Liberties and Civil Rights Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Liberties (And how they differ from civil rights) If the fires of freedom and civil liberties burn low in other lands, they must be made brighter in our own. If in other lands the press and books and literature of all kinds are censored, we must redouble our efforts here to keep them free. If in other lands the eternal truths of the past are threatened by intolerance, we must provide a safe place for their perpetuation. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1938 (Isaacs 66) Freedom of speechRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights851 Words   |  4 PagesCivil liberties and civil rights are very commonly used statements, which can be carelessly misused. Both statements are similar to some degree, but do hold different meanings. These statements may seem exactly the same, but by true definitions, the difference between both is unmistakable. Civil liberties are the protections against government actions. Civil rights, however, is positive actions of government should take to create equal conditions for all Americans. Civil liberties are rights forRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties910 Words   |  4 PagesSept/30/2017 Civil rights v. Civil Liberties Civil rights and civil liberties are the rights and freedom both made for good of communities and country. Both are introduced to benefit citizen of the country. A Civil right is mainly about the fair treatment with every person which is protected by the fourteenth amendment. â€Å"It was first introduced after civil right movement which was mainly about the true equality among African American who were mainly treated as slaves.† (1, FindLaw). But now the civil rightRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1083 Words   |  5 PagesShruti Patel Mrs Sharifian Federal Government 30 September 2017 1 Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights 2 Civil Liberties are basic rights and freedoms that we are guaranteed by the government. You can find them in the Bill of Rights and in the Constitution. Civil liberties are liberties that we as Americans feel safe to interpret on the daily basis. 3 Some civil liberties include, the right 4 for free speech, the right to privacy, the right to remain silent in a police interrogation, the right to beRead MoreCivil Liberties vs National Security1452 Words   |  6 Pagesthe bill of rights protects civil liberties. People in the United States, hold civil rights, which are those privileges, immunities and rights held by all Americans and political rights, which are the rights that are restricted to those who are entitled to participate in elections, as candidates or voters. The distinction is important since not all are eligible to vote though they all should enjoy their freedoms. This may no longer be feasible as majority of the civil rights are taken to include

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Plate Tectonics Essay Example For Students

Plate Tectonics Essay Plate TectonicsPrior to World War II, humans were conformed with the idea that the Earth and its continents had been basically unchanged since the beginning of time. A German meteorologist, Alfred Wegener observed that the coastlines of the seven continents could be fitted together almost perfectly like a jigsaw puzzle. If fitted together, the geological dating the land would match as well as other geological features. He believed that this was more than coincidence, which happened to be the belief at the time. By putting all the continents together, he formed a large landmass that he named Pangea. This would also explain the same fossils found on 2 continents, separated by large oceans. Although the continents fit together nicely, and it would solve many of the earths mysteries, people still rejected the idea that the continents moved for several reasons. Ignorance and strong religious beliefs played a part in this, but it was mainly rejected because of the lack of a good explanatio n for the movement of the continents. Wegeners theory for the movement of continents was called continental drift. This was not believable at the time because there was no way the continents could move through the rigid ocean floor. During WWII, people started to explore the ocean floor and discovered evidence that would prove Wegeners ideas about land movement. The most interesting feature of the ocean was the ridges running along the ocean floor. It was discovered that earthquakes were abundant along the ridges that let magma flow from them. The magma would flow out these ridges and push the Earth away from it. This sea floor spreading was how the continents had moved over millions of years. The earths crust is in mobile sections called plates, moved by the circulation of magma in a layer of the earth called the mantle. The moving and colliding of plates form many of todays landforms such as the Himalayan Mountains. They were formed when India moved into Asia, colliding and making the shores of India go underneath Asia. Although we have found much on plate tectonics, there are still some unanswered questions. The depths of the plates are still unknown. Scientists are still unsure on how the motion of the mantl e was initiated. There are many theories on how plate tectonics works and why the polarization of the Earth switches every million years but there have been no concrete facts. Plate tectonics needs to be explored more in order to solve much of the mysteries of the earth. It has already answered many questions about the geologic history. The moving plates, volcanoes, and faults explain much of the earths topography. If we come to a better understanding of plate tectonics, the evolution of different species of animals will become clearer to us. The history of plate tectonics will help us understand the past migrations of species and even early humans. Not only can studying plate tectonics help in understanding the past but can help predict the future. Advancement of these theories may help predict earthquakes in plenty of time to spare millions of lives and can help us predict the topography of the future.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Management and Leadership Developing Effective

Question: Discuss about the Management and Leadership for Developing Effective. Answer: Introduction The report tells about the concepts like professional accounting, management and public relation issues in the workplace. Professional accounting is an organization of accountants, which reveal and retain competence. Management helps to administer everything within company, they have to focus over various things in an organization, as they are the important part of organization in regard of maintain everything. Organization, is a mixture of employees from various places, this creates issues and conflicts. Many problems arise in company day-to-day basis, which has to be removed for that, strategies are formulated along with maintaining all issues in public relation with their proper strategies. Identification of Professional Accounting and Management and Public relation issues at workplace Professional Accounting can be defined as the field of accounting, which includes the professional body of accountants in the field. It can also be called as an organization in a particular jurisdiction. It includes chartered accountant, chartered professional accountant, certified public accountant and certified professional accountant (Parker, Guthrie, and Linacre, 2011). Professional accounting at the workplace is industry, financial services, education and the public. Professional accounting is followed by the professional accountants, which includes a wide variety of job functions, such as leadership and management. It is used to provide the guidance for the issues in the workplace in, which they work. The professional accountants in the business focus on the areas, which includes ethics, risk management, and control. It also includes competencies in the business. The professional accountant role is mandatory in the workplace. It is the responsibility of the management for the financial information produced by the Company. The professional accountants play an important role in auditing, and taxation (Uyar, and Gungormus, 2011). It is helpful in the stability and progress in the society. The professional accountants in the business are considered as invaluable assets of the company. The professional accountants have the basic skills and knowledge of the companys financials. The professional accountants have the deep understanding of the workplace environment. The professional accountant training helps them to overcome the challenges and issues in the workplace. It also helps the business to reduce cost and overcome the risks. In the business professional accountants represents as the shareholders of the public company. The professional accountants role is to approve the annual budgets of the company it also plays a role in appointing the chief executive of the company. The professional accountant has also the right to take action in context, of the companys financial health. This is also helpful in creating the business strategies of the business. The independent assurance is provided by the professional accountant for the risk management of the organizations and internal control processes effectively operates. There are various issues, which the management faces in the workplace. There are various issues of the employees such as personality traits, and issues of the supervisors. The management also faces team problems in the organization. Here, is also the problem of lack of communication between the teams and it affects the performance of the employees. There are wide problems in the organization, which deals with the issues in the organization such as costs (Weiss, 2014). The inter-personal conflicts in the organization are also an issue for the management. Stakeholders issues, which are faced by management. It includes paying low wages to the employees, discriminating the employees on the basis of gender. The management also faces the issue of fairness with the stakeholders. The played politics at the workplace is also an issue at the workplace, which creates misunderstanding between the employers and employees and it becomes an issue for the management. The client services are also an issue for the management in the organization. It can also be called as a challenge as they had to keep their customers and clients happy. The handling of customers complaints in an organization is also an issue or challenge for the management and the termination of an employee (Grunig, 2013). It is mandatory for the management to take the right decision for the organization as it can become issue. Supporting the employees is also addressed as an issue for the management such as poor performance of the employees, behavior of the staff. The maintaining of changes in the organization is also considered as an issue for the management. Public relations include the communication, which is based on knowledge in the local area and as well as globally. The communication is a critical issue for the public relations. There are various issues in the public relations between employers, employees and customers within or outside the organization. It includes the issue of lack of communication. The customers are the main part of public relation issues. The satisfaction of customer need is important and lacking satisfaction in the customer needs is an issue for the employees and employers public relations. The issue in the public relations is such as the loss of organization reputation, the financial loss is also an issue for the organization. The resistance to change in the organization is also a problem in the relations of the public. It also includes an increase in competition, globalization (Benn, Dunphy, and Griffiths, 2014). Changes are the main issues in the public relations. The certain employees do not accept the chan ges in the workplace, which is an issue for the public relations. The changes in technology are also an issue as when there is a change in the technology. It is difficult to operate by the employees who are unknown about the new technology. The biggest issue in the public relations at the workplace is the lack of talent, which is needed to be improved for the organization. (Ulrich, and Sarasin, 2012). The decision-making is also the problem in the workplace. The relation with the media is also an issue as it deals with the reputation of the organization. It has to maintain the good relationship with the media. The latest technologies are also an issue for the public relations. Moreover, it is to identify the media of right kind and it is to build a profitable and equitable relationship. There can be an issue for the new employees as they dont know about the other employee getting more then, which is being worked for longer. Injustice can also be an issue in public relations at the workplace. The multiple channels are there for promoting the organization and it increases competition and it is an issue in the public relations. The public relation issues also include lack of public relations training. It includes messaging in an improper way, and wrong identification of goals. Solution to the public relation and management issues at workplace and their justification as well as Analisation The knowledge from the above discussion of public relation issues that there are various ways to overcome those problems such as lack of communication with the employees and the customers can overcome by coordinating with the employees. It also includes allowing the employees to give their views for any kind of discussion. It is mandatory to involve the employees in the decision-making process. The lacking of training experience is also a public relation issue, which can be solved by researching more in the context of interest of the audience. In the above question, the issues of management are also being discussed and here, the solution can be given to the problems. The lacking of communication can be solved by engaging in role play and identifying of opportunities so as to improve the skills. Making of good relations with the employees can solve the management issues at the workplace. Solving the problems of the employees. The issues can be solved by fairness as treating equally to all at the workplace. The resolving of conflict at the workplace by the management can overcome the issues (Dozier, Grunig, and Grunig, 2013). To overcome the issues of management safety measures should be taken into consideration of the employees at the workplace. The management should support the Teamwork at the workplace in order to overcome the issues. It would help the management to build a strong bonding between the employees. The certain issues faced by the management should be discussed in an open as it would help in solving the issues at the workplace (Dewey, and Rogers, 2012). The politics conflicts issues can overcome when the employees will concentrate on their work rather than paying attention or interfering in others work. The injustice must be ignored between the employees as the management must not be partial to anyone of the employees. These things can overcome the issues, which creates problems in the organization. The public relation issues can overcome when there is an active listening of the employers towards their employees. The training sessions should be provided for the employees so as to overcome the issue of public relations. It can be justified that the issue arises at the workplace whenever there is a gap between the expectations of the stakeholders. The organization should consist of two-way communication between stakeholders and the organization. The issues can be solved by compromising about the conflicts happening in the organization. Open up Communication is the way to reduce issues in the management. The encouragement of the employees plays an important role in solving the issues. The feedback from staff can overcome the issues of the organization. The management should adopt different techniques so as to overcome the issues (Spicer, 2013). There must be good public relations between employees as well as with the customers to which the company is serving. Advertising is also mandatory to have good public relations with the public. It would help in achieving the success of the organization. The good perception is also the solution for overcoming public relation issues. It includes the perception of customers and employees. The reputation of the company is based on the public relations. The good public relations also includes good relation with the employees as when there will be good relations they would encourage the employees to satisfy the customers. The public relation is based on employee relations, media relations, and relation with the community (Sparrow, 2011). The maintenance of public relation is mandatory so as to make positive image outside the world. These are maintained through the planned tactics and strategies in communication. The maintenance of public perception is mandatory for the employees. The feedback is also important so as to know the customers that where the organization is lacking in the market. These are int erconnected with each other as when there is good relation within the organization then, it would help the employees to make good relation with the customers. The loyalty is also important for the employees as well as their customers. There are various management issues, which are mandatory to be identified for the better management of the organization (Smith, 2013). The management faces different issues, which are to be solved by two-way communication within the organization. The right decision making is to be adopted for solving the problem within the organization. In order to overcome the issues, it is mandatory for the management to involve the employees in the decision making process and listening to their views and innovative ideas. It is being analyzed from the above discussion of the public relation issues and management issues that there are different issues, which are there within or outside the organization. Moreover, to overcome these issues there are solutions. It is being analyzed from the above discussion that Public relation and management face issues of lacking communication. The issue of decision-making process is also being analyzed (Doorley, and Garcia, 2011). To overcome these issues engagement of the employees is mandatory for the decision-making process. It can be recommended to the organization to develop the communication with the employees as well as the customers. Strategies addressed for the project A course of action outlined to attain a long-term objectives or objectives overall is known as strategy. The idea of strategy was taken from the military and was altered to make it usable for business. Acquiring the idea was simple due to the reason alteration needed has been unassuming. In business, alike in the military, strategy connects the gap among plans and tactics. Collectively, tactics and plans connect the gap between ends and means (Nickols, 2012). Strategy is essential for an organization due to following reasons (Makein, 2017). Strategy helps to attain clarity and focus on the target. Understanding is developed about the recent business in a better way. Business future is secured and is enhanced on a long-term Strategies create the new opportunities for the organization. Strategies help to review the business and make improvements (if required). Strategies assist towards the achievement of better business outcomes. There are various kinds of problems being faced by the organization overall like management problems, public relation problems, etc. To cope up with these problems organization develops various strategies, to create a healthy environment within an organization. Management strategies are very significant for every company due to the reason they assist to refine team efforts and assure that human resources are on the similar pitch. These strategies present guidance on certain actions and target organization desires to achieve. The strategies are necessarily reference books that assist administer human resources. Management strategies are also very significant due to the reason markets are continuously altering. Therefore, organizations required being prepared to outline approaches that assist them to get on the pulse of consumers. The strategies can target on definite forms of organizations from development tactics to worker relations. Organizations can employ management-consulting bodies to assist them to evaluate organizations accounts and guide them in the required procedure to make sure accomplishment (Paludi, 2012). Management strategies in different scenarios of organization are as follows: Strategies for attaining higher performance of employees can be, employees should be clear and accurate about their work and responsibility role in an organization, organization should ask employees about the best way of achieving targets, trust, capability, and engagement of employees should be considered (Forbes, 2016). Strategies for removing workplace conflicts and stress can be effective communication with employees, employees participation in decision-making, independence, timely feedbacks, responsibility and realistic organizational goals should be there, decentralization should be introduced for making things coordinated at one place, fair incentives, and job rotation, job enrichment for keeping employees interest alive, good working environment (Roche, Teague and Colvin, 2014). Strategies for improving the communication in workplace can be, proper and full attention is mandatory to reduce any kind o f hindrance in communication, clear conversation without any fluffs and fillers, significant points should be told with pause, communication should be done carefully, words must be used with proper attention, thoughts and ideas should be clearly explained and clarified (Armstrong, 2012). Public relation strategies are helping the organization to keep the business in the mind of the public at front line along with proper structure and creditability, PR is like a reference book for success (Bizease, 2017). The corporate communication strategies are the backbone for the public relation strategies. The public relation strategies can be developed by the use of following ways (CP communications, 2017). Decide goals and objectives to be obtained Prepare the core messages for the target audience Identify tactics to achieve the public relation goals Decide the time for all the identified tactics for analyzing whether tactics were able to complete the goals on time or not Finally to measure the success In this respect there are strategies helping the organization to build a strong relation with the public, which is as follows: Media relations: Media is a very powerful tool, which can make the image of anything in the mind of the public. It depends on whether good or bad image. Good media relation helps the organization to keep the news related business of theirs at front. Media can help the organization to keep the business of any organization at the front line in the mind of consumers, which can be a strong opportunity in creating a strong reputation and goodwill (Smiths, 2011). Know your market: the Public relation is one of the rapid altering market alike technologies, organizations should be very careful and aware of what all happening across surrounding, which can help to keep the consumers ahead. Consumers preferences keep on changing with time, it is essential for the organization to be aware of these changes, to make the target consumers on the game (Grunig, 2013). Use technology: In todays world, there are various technologies, which can be used to reach consumers all across. This will make business to go wider and long-standing in the market. Promotions can also be made with the help of technology like online marketing. Technology keeps on changing very fast, it is necessary to meet out with upgraded technology on time. Otherwise, it will not be possible for the organizations to create the business reputation and goodwill in the mind of the consumers (Smiths, 2011). Social awareness: Local awareness is a best public relation strategy, if the company can present something to the public, as an outcome of new goods or service, the company will be in a far improved situation to obtain positive public relation (Grunig, 2013). Conclusion From the report, it can be concluded that professional accounting is an important tool for an organization. It helps to keep the track of everything, guides over financial decisions and permits to focus on the best, which have to be done. Management is a significant part of every company. It allows administering of things in accuracy, a beneficial tool that guides employees very well in direction of achieving targets well on time. Management strategies assist companies towards refining of team efforts and assuring that employees are on the path of achieving targets. Conflict management, stress management, communication management strategies are all strategies helping to cope up with the problems arising in an organization. Public relation, a vital mode for a company to get their reputation and goodwill strong in the market, company forms various strategies in this regard. References Armstrong, M. (2012) Armstrong's Handbook of Management and Leadership:Developing Effective People Skills for Better Leadership and Management. USA: Kogan Page Publisher Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A. (2014) Organizational change for corporate sustainability. UK: Routledge. Bizease (2017) Top 5 Benefits of a Consistent Public Relations Strategy. Available at: https://www.bizeasesupport.com/top-5-benefits-of-a-consistent-pr-strategy/ (Accessed: 23 January, 2017) CP communications (2017) How to create a PR Strategy. Available at: https://publicrelationssydney.com.au/how-to-create-a-pr-strategy/ (Accessed: 23 January, 2017) Dewey, J. and Rogers, M.L. (2012) The public and its problems: An essay in political inquiry. USA: Penn State. Doorley, J. and Garcia, H.F. (2011) Reputation management: The key to successful public relations and corporate communication. UK: Routledge. Dozier, D.M., Grunig, L.A. and Grunig, J.E. (2013) Manager's guide to excellence in public relations and communication management. UK: Routledge. Forbes (2016) Three Management Strategies You Can Use Today For Higher Team Performance. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kevinready/2016/02/02/three-management-strategies-you-can-use-today-for-higher-team-performance/#519248a1570e (Accessed: 23 January, 2017) Grunig, J. E. (2013) Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management. UK: Routledge Grunig, J.E. (2013) Excellence in public relations and communication management. UK: Routledge. Makein (2017) What Are The Benefits Of Having A Business Strategy. Available at: https://makinithappen.co.uk/Articles/What-Are-The-Benefits-Of-Having-A-Business-Strategy.html (Accessed: 23 January, 2017) Nickols, F. S. (2012) Strategy: Definitions and Meaning. Available at: https://www.nickols.us/strategy_definition.htm (Accessed: 23 January, 2017) Paludi, M. A. (2012) Managing Diversity in Today's Workplace: Strategies for Employees and Employers [4 volumes]. US: ABC-CLIO Parker, L.D., Guthrie, J. and Linacre, S. (2011) The relationship between academic accounting research and professional practice. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 24(1), pp.5-14. Roche, W. K., Teague, P., and Colvin, A. J. S. (2014) The Oxford Handbook of Conflict Management in Organizations. England: OUP Oxford Smith, R.D. (2013) Strategic planning for public relations. UK: Routledge. Smiths, R. (2011) Strategic Planning for Public Relations. Available at: https://faculty.buffalostate.edu/smithrd/pr/steps.htm (Accessed: 23 January, 2017) Sparrow, M.K. (2011) The regulatory craft: controlling risks, solving problems, and managing compliance. USA: Brookings. Spicer, C. (2013) Organizational public relations: A political perspective. UK: Routledge. Ulrich, P. and Sarasin, C. (2012) Facing public interest: The ethical challenge to business policy and corporate communications. Germany: Springer. Uyar, A. and Gungormus, A.H. (2011) Professional knowledge and skills required for accounting majors who intend to become auditors: Perceptions of external auditors. Business and Economics Research Journal, 2(3), p.33. Weiss, J.W. (2014) Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. USA: Berrett-Koehler.